Quadrant Model of Reality: Quadrant Model of Reality Book 34 Philosophy

Philosophy Chapter

QMROn September 4, 1957, four Portugal Air Force pilots claimed to have seen and chased some UFOs. They took off with their bomber aircraft from the Ota Air Base in Portugal under Captain José Lemos Ferreira leadership (the others pilots were sergeants Alberto Gomes Covas, Salvador Alberto Oliveira e Manuel Neves Marcelino). When they were heading towards the city of Portalegre, Captain Ferreira noticed a light above the horizon and warned the others. The light changed its own sizes a couple of times, first increasing, then shrinking. After several minutes the pilots noticed a small yellow circle getting out of the craft, and 3 more circles appeared later. When the UFOs were near Coruche, the bigger aircraft climbed out of the Earth as the smaller ones disappeared. The bombers landed without any problems and Captain Ferreira declared: "after this, do not come to us with that Venus, weather balloons, aircraft and similar stuff which have been being used as general explanations for almost every case of UFOs".[1][2][3][4][5][6]

There were four circles

QMRThe Catholic University of Portugal (Portuguese: Universidade Católica Portuguesa, pronounced: [univɨɾsiˈdad(ɨ) kɐˈtɔlikɐ puɾtuˈɡezɐ]), also referred to as Católica or UCP for short, is the only concordatary university (non-state-run university with concordatary status) of the Catholic Church, in Portugal.

Although it is just one university, UCP is organized as a university system, made up of four major regional centres: Lisbon (the headquarters), Beiras (Caldas da Rainha and Viseu), Braga, and Porto. These include 18 faculties, schools and institutes, which are the basic education and research units. Besides the four regional centres in Portugal, UCP also has the University of Saint Joseph in Macau as its affiliate.

QMRThe Judiciary of Portugal is a system of courts that together constitute one of the four organs of Sovereignty as defined by the Portuguese Constitution. The courts are independent from the other three Portuguese organs of Sovereignty (President of the Republic, Government and Assembly of the Republic).

The Portuguese courts are divided by four independent orders, each of which corresponds to the separate Constitutional, Judicial, Administrative and Auditors jurisdictions.

The Portuguese naming system is quite flexible. The law establishes the need for a child to have at least one given name and one last name (surname) from one of the parents, although having only one last name is now very rare. The law also establishes the maximum number of names allowed: up to two given names and four surnames (just in Portugal).[1] This restriction is generally not enforced and it is not uncommon to have more than 4 surnames.

QMRIn Portugal, the custom of giving a child four last names is getting popular, since this way a child can have each of their grandparents' last names. In Portugal and Brazil, some people view this as a sign of snobbery, since it used to be the noble families who had a large number of surnames. (For instance, the 4th Duke of Lafões (1797–1851) had the full name of Caetano Segismundo de Bragança e Ligne de Sousa Tavares Mascarenhas da Silva). For the sake of simplicity, most Portuguese people have two surnames.

QMRThe Government of Portugal is one of the four sovereignty bodies of the Portuguese Republic, together with the President of the Republic, the Assembly of the Republic and the courts. It is both the body of sovereignty that conducts the general politics of the country and the superior body of the Portuguese public administration.

The main building which now houses the Museum of Ancient Art was built as the Palais des Beaux-Arts, designed by Belgian architect Alphonse Balat and funded by King Leopold II. Balat was the king's principal architect, and this was one part of the king's vast building program for Belgium. The building was completed in 1887, and stands as an example of the Beaux-Arts architecture use of themed statuary to assert the identity and meaning of the building.[1]

The extensive program of architectural sculpture includes the four figures of Music, Architecture, Sculpture, and Painting atop the four main piers, the work of sculptors Égide Mélot (fr), Joseph Geefs, Louis Samain, and Guillaume de Groot respectively

The museums are situated in the capital Brussels in the downtown area on the Coudenberg. There are four museums connected with the Royal Museum, and two of them (the Museum of Ancient Art and the Museum of Modern Art, Brussels), are in the main building. The other two (the Constantin Meunier Museum and the Antoine Wiertz Museum) are dedicated to specific Belgian artists, are much smaller, and are located a few kilometers from the city center.

QMRThe Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium (Dutch: Koninklijke Musea voor Schone Kunsten van België, French: Musées royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique) are a group of art museums in Brussels, Belgium.

QMRThe Belgian UFO wave was a series of sightings of triangular UFOs in Belgium, which lasted from 29 November 1989 to April 1990.

The final details of the sighting were provided by the members of the Wavre gendarmerie who had been sent to confirm the original report. They describe four lights now being arranged in a square formation, all making short jerky movements, before gradually losing their luminosity and disappearing in four separate directions at around 01:30.[3]

QMRThe Belgian Constitution guarantees, since the country's independence, freedom of language in the private sphere. Article 30 specifies that "the use of languages spoken in Belgium is optional; only the law can rule on this matter, and only for acts of the public authorities and for legal matters." For those public authorities, there is extensive language legislation concerning Dutch, French and German, even though the Belgian Constitution does not explicitly mention which languages enjoy official status. Article 4 does however divide the country into linguistic areas, which form the basis of the federal structure: "Belgium has four linguistic areas: The French-speaking area, the Dutch-speaking area, the bilingual area of Brussels Capital and the German-speaking area."

QMrThe Belgian Shepherd (also known as the Belgian Sheepdog or Chien de Berger Belge) is a breed of medium-to-large-sized herding dog. It originated in Belgium and is similar to other sheep herding dogs from that region, including the Dutch Shepherd Dog, the German Shepherd Dog, the Briard, and others. Four types have been identified by various registries as separate breeds or varieties: Groenendael, Laekenois, Tervuren, and Malinois.

QMRSharia4Belgium is a Belgian radical Salafist organisation. It denounces democracy and calls for Belgium to convert itself into an Islamist state. In February 2015 the group was designated a terrorist organization by a Belgian judge, and its spokesman, Fouad Belkacem, was sentenced to 12 years in prison.

QMRThe first junction grammar was worked out by Eldon Lytle in connection with his Ph.D. dissertation during the late ‘60s,[12] in which he constructed such a grammar for the analysis of structural derivation in Russian. That grammar relegated the data to four levels of representation, corresponding to:

Level 1 - ‘real world' structuring

Level 2 - syntacto-semantic structuring reflective of mental activity

Level 3 - lexical code transposed from Level 2

Level 4 - articulatory/orthographic code transposed from Level 3

Lytle employed one of the junction operators (subjunction) as a formal device to impose the properties of a governing category upon existing structure to obtain ‘derived’ forms (e.g., ‘transform-ation’ - Noun * Verb).

The molecules responsible for creating cell junctions include various cell adhesion molecules. There are four main types: selectins, cadherins, integrins, and the immunoglobulin superfamily.[9]

QMRProteins[edit]

There have been approximately 40 proteins identified to be involved in tight junctions. These proteins can be classified into four major categories; scaffolding proteins, signalling proteins, regulation proteins, and transmembrane proteins.

Roles of Tight Junction Proteins[edit]

Scaffolding Proteins — organise the transmembrane proteins, couple transmembrane proteins to other cytoplasmic proteins as well as to actin filaments.

Signaling Proteins — involved in junctions assembly, barrier regulation, and gene transcription.

Regulation Proteins — regulate membrane vesicle targeting.

Transmembrane Proteins — including junctional adhesion molecule (JAM), occludin, and claudin. It is believed that claudin is the protein molecule responsible for the selective permeability between epithelial layers.

A three-dimensional image is still yet to be achieved and as such specific information about the function of tight junctions is yet to be determined.

QMRVolcanism[edit]

Main article: Andean Volcanic Belt

Rift valley near Quilotoa, Ecuador.

Astronaut photograph with the high plains of the Andes Mountains in the foreground, with a line of young volcanoes facing the much lower Atacama Desert.

The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.

QMRThe North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) forms one of the four largest trade blocs in the world

QMRThe vast majority of North America is on the North American Plate. Parts of western Mexico, including Baja California, and of California, including the cities of San Diego, Los Angeles and part of San Francisco, lie on the eastern edge of the Pacific Plate, with the two plates meeting along the San Andreas fault. The southernmost portion of the continent and much of the West Indies lie on the Caribbean Plate, whereas the Juan de Fuca and Cocos plates border the North American Plate on its western frontier.

The continent can be divided into four great regions (each of which contains many subregions): the Great Plains stretching from the Gulf of Mexico to the Canadian Arctic; the geologically young, mountainous west, including the Rocky Mountains, the Great Basin, California and Alaska; the raised but relatively flat plateau of the Canadian Shield in the northeast; and the varied eastern region, which includes the Appalachian Mountains, the coastal plain along the Atlantic seaboard, and the Florida peninsula. Mexico, with its long plateaus and cordilleras, falls largely in the western region, although the eastern coastal plain does extend south along the Gulf.

QMRSouth America can be divided into four parts.[3] The Caribbean Republics include Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana.[3] The Andean Republics include Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, and Peru. The River Plate Republics have Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina. Brazil, the largest country, is a alone

Cusco has long been an important center of indigenous peoples. It was the capital of the Inca Empire (13th century-1532). Many believe that the city was planned as an effigy in the shape of a puma, a sacred animal.[13] It is unknown how Cusco was specifically built, or how its large stones were quarried and transported to the site. Under the Inca, the city had two sectors: the urin and hanan. Each was divided to encompass two of the four provinces, Chinchasuyu (NW), Antisuyu (NE), Kuntisuyu (SW) and Qullasuyu (SE). A road led from each of these quarters to the corresponding quarter of the empire.

QMRThe four branches of Quechua: I (Central), II-A (North Peruvian), II-B (Northern), II-C (Southern)

Family tree[edit]

Alfredo Torero devised the traditional classification, the three divisions above plus a fourth, northern Peruvian, branch. The latter cause complications in the classification, however, as they (Cajamarca-Lambayeque, Pacaraos, and Yauyos) have features of both Quechua I and Quechua II, and so are difficult to assign to either.

Centrope is an Interreg IIIA project to establish a multinational region in the Central Europe encompassing four European countries: Slovakia, Austria, Hungary and Czech Republic.

CENTROPE is a joint initiative of the Austrian Federal Provinces of Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland, the Czech Region of South Moravia, the Slovak Regions of Bratislava and Trnava, the Hungarian Counties of Győr-Moson-Sopron and Vas as well as the Cities of Bratislava, Brno, Eisenstadt, Győr, Sopron, St. Pölten, Szombathely and Trnava. On the basis of the Kittsee Declaration of 2003, they work jointly towards the creation of the Central European Region in this four-country quadrangle.

CENTROPE CAPACITY is the lead project funded under the EU programme CENTRAL EUROPE. In the period until 2012 it aims to create a multilateral, binding and sustainable framework for the cooperation of local and regional authorities, enterprises and public institutions in the Central European Region. Specific goals consist in creating of polycentric cooperation framework which should allow all the partners to work jointly and more effectively on the cross border issues. Project also offers them new tools for a balanced spatial development as well as integrated development strategy and action plan. CENTROPE CAPACITY builds on the results of two INTERREG IIIA projects concluded in 2007, which provided the necessary preparatory work and development steps to establish the Central European Region CENTROPE.

QMRCentrope

an Interreg IIIA project to establish a multinational region in the Central Europe encompassing four European countries: Slovakia, Austria, Hungary and Czech Republic.

QMRThe four countries forming the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) are not EU members, but have partly committed to the EU's economy and regulations: Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, which are a part of the single market through the European Economic Area, and Switzerland, which has similar ties through bilateral treaties.[58][59] The relationships of the European microstates, Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, and the Vatican include the use of the euro and other areas of co-operation.[60] The following 28 sovereign states (of which the map only shows territories situated in and around Europe) constitute the European Union:[61]

QMRAlmost all of Egypt's Muslims are Sunni,[121] but the Syrian Civil War has brought on an increase in anti-Shia rhetoric,[122] and what Human Rights Watch states is "anti-Shia hate speech by Salafis".[123] In 2013 a mob of several hundred attacked a house in the village of Abu Musallim near Cairo, dragging four Shia worshipers through the street before lynching them.[123] Eight other Shia were injured.[122]

QMRPossessor of a bachelor's degree in English and Latin from the University of Cambridge, Holland is an English novelist and popular historian who has published a trio of best-selling histories of the ancient world: Rubicon: The Last Years of the Roman Republic (2003), Persian Fire: The First World Empire and the Battle for the West (2005), and Millennium: The End of the World and the Forging of Christendom (2008). In 2012, Holland's fourth work of history, In the Shadow of the Sword: The Battle for Global Empire and the End of the Ancient World, was published; it explored the collapse of the Roman and Persian Empires, as well as the rise of the Arab Empire and the accompanying Arabian religion of Islam.[2][4]

QMRMarriage by agreement[edit]

The first of the four common marriages that existed in pre-Islamic Arabia was marriage by agreement. This consisted of an agreement between a man and his future wife's family. This marriage could be within the tribe or between two families of different tribes.

Some women were forbidden from marrying outside of their tribe and had to either marry another member of the tribe or a stranger who would agree to live with the tribe.

In the case that involved a man and woman of two different tribes, the woman would leave her family and permanently reside with her husband. The children of these marriages were considered part of their father's tribe, unless a different arrangement had previously been made which returned the children to their mother's tribe.

The reason for inter-tribal marriages was to ensure the protection and possession of the children the couple would produce.[9] Women in inter-tribal marriages had more freedom and retained the right to dismiss or divorce their husbands at any time. The women had precise rituals they used to inform their husbands of their dismissal, such as this: "if they lived in a tent they turned it around, so that if the door faced east, it now faced west, and when the man saw this, he knew that he was dismissed and did not enter".[10]

Marriage by capture[edit]

The second of the common marriage practices that existed in pre-Islamic Arabia was marriage by capture ("Ba'al" in Arabic). Most often taking place during times of war, marriage by capture occurred when women were taken captive by men from other tribes and placed on the slave market of Mecca. From the slave market these women were sold into marriage or slavery. In captive marriages, men bought their wives and had complete control over them. Women in these marriages had no freedom and were subjected to following their husbands' orders. These women became their husbands' property and had no right to divorce or dismissal of their husbands. They thus completely lost any freedom they may previously have had. Her husband had absolute authority over her, including the exclusive right to divorce. The husbands in these marriages were classified as their wives' lords or owners and had complete control to his wife and her actions.[9]

Marriage by purchase[edit]

The third of the common marriage practices that existed in pre-Islamic Arabia was "marriage by purchase." This was a more traditional marriage practice. These marriages consisted of the groom or groom's father paying the bride "Mahr", or a dowry; to marry them. The dowry usually consisted of items like camels and horses.[4] Women in "purchased" marriages faced the same oppression as women who were forced into marriages by capture. This practice may have led to a decrease in female infanticide due to the wealth a family could derive from selling their daughter. Women in these marriages were subject to their husbands' control and had very few rights.[9]

Marriage by inheritance[edit]

The fourth of the common marriage practices that existed in pre-Islamic Arabia was "marriage by inheritance". Arabia was a male-dominated society. Women had no status of any kind other than as sex objects. The number of women a man could marry was not fixed. When a man died, his son inherited all his wives except his own mother. Such "marriage" was "a widespread custom throughout Arabia, including Medina and Mecca".[4] This practice also involved the possessions of a deceased man's wife being passed to his son. In such a case, the son could keep his father's other wives for himself or arrange the above-described marriages by purchase. In these cases, as in the majority of marriage practices at this time, the woman had few or no rights and was required to follow the orders of her inheritor.[9]

QMRThe Harok family murder took place in the early morning of 22 May 2013 when four members of the Harok family, Veronika, her husband Martin, and her sons Filip and David were murdered in their home in Brno, Czech Republic′s second largest city.[1]

QMrThe Czech school system has four degrees:

Preschools - (from 2 to 5 years old)

Primary (elementary) - (from 6 to 15 years old, mandatory)

Professional secondary (high) schools, grammar schools (gymnasium), vocational schools and courses

Universities

QMRThe Four-Coalition (Czech: Čtyřkoalice), also translated as the Coalition of Four or Quad-Coalition, abbreviated to 4K, was a liberal centre-right political alliance in the Czech Republic between 1998 and 2002.

The four member parties were:

Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party (KDU–ČSL), an established, large Christian democratic party

Freedom Union (US), a new, large conservative liberal party that split from the Civic Democrats

Democratic Union (DEU), an established, small liberal party

Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA), an established, small liberal conservative party

The 4K was formed after the creation of the Opposition Agreement by the Czech Social Democratic Party and Civic Democratic Party in the aftermath of the 1998 election to the Chamber of Deputies. The coalition aimed to provide 'real opposition' to the government.[1] The parties first participated together in the 1998 Senate election, achieving considerable success and winning 13 of the 27 seats up for election.[1]

The four tiers of Czech courts are:[5][7][8]

2 supreme courts (nejvyšší soudy) – one for ordinary and one for administrative matters

2 high courts (vrchní soud) – one in Prague and one in Olomouc

8 regional courts (krajské soudy)

86 district courts (okresní soudy)

QMrCzech courts are presided over by professional judges, who are named for life by the President and normally may not be recalled or transferred against their will.[4]

The Czech Republic has a four-tier system of courts and two-instance proceedings.[5]

Majority of higher courts are seated in Brno, so as to provide a counterbalance to the concentration of power in the capital (pragocentrismus).

The Czech republic flag is a quadrant with four dragons

QMRVocea României (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈvot͡ʃe̯a romɨˈni.ej]; English: The Voice of Romania) is a Romanian reality singing competition broadcast on PRO TV. Based on the original The Voice of Holland, the concept of the series is to find new singing talent contested by aspiring singers, age 16 or over, drawn from public auditions. The winner is determined by television viewers voting by telephone and he is entitled to a €100.000 prize and a record deal with Universal Records for winning the competition. There have been four winners of the show to date: Ștefan Stan, Julie Mayaya, Mihai Chițu and Tiberiu Albu.

The Voice of Romania began airing on September 27, 2011, as a spring TV season program. The series employs a panel of four coaches who critique the artists' performances. Each coach guides their teams of selected artists through the remainder of the season. They also compete to ensure that their act wins the competition, thus making them the winning coach. The original coaching panel consisted of Smiley, Horia Brenciu, Loredana Groza and Marius Moga. In season four, Brenciu was replaced with Vama lead member. In 2016 Loredana will be replaced by Alina Eremia,and Marius Moga by replaced ex host Pavel Bartoș

QMrThe term "Romanian" is sometimes[77] used also in a more general sense, encompassing four varieties: (Daco-)Romanian, Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian. The four languages, whose mutual intelligibility is low, are the offspring of the Romance varieties spoken both to the north and to south of Danube, before the settlement of the Slavonian tribes south of the river: Daco-Romanian in the north, Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian in the south, whereas Istro-Romanian is thought to be the offspring of an 11th-century migration from Romania. These four are also known as the Eastern Romance languages. When the term "Romanian" is used in this larger sense, the term "Daco-Romanian" is used for Romanian proper. The origin of the term "Daco-Romanian" can be traced back to the first printed book of Romanian grammar in 1780,[28] by Samuil Micu and Gheorghe Șincai. There, the Romanian dialect spoken north of the Danube is called lingua Daco-Romana to emphasize its origin and its area of use, which includes the former Roman province of Dacia, although it is spoken also south of the Danube, in Dobrudja, Central Serbia and northern Bulgaria.

QMRRomanians, known by the exonym Vlachs in the Middle Ages,[1][2] speak a language descended from the Vulgar Latin that was once spoken in south-eastern Europe.[3][4][5] Inscriptions from the Roman period prove that a line, known as the "Jireček Line", can be drawn through the Balkan Peninsula, which separated the Latin-speaking northern provinces, including Dacia, Moesia and Pannonia from the southern regions where Greek remained the predominant language.[6] Eastern Romance now has four variants,[7] which are former dialects of a Proto-Romanian language.[8][9] Daco-Romanian, the official language of Romania, is the most widespread of the four variants.[8] Speakers of the Aromanian language live in scattered communities in Albania, Bulgaria, Greece and Macedonia.[8] Another two, by now nearly extinct variants, Megleno-Romanian and Istro-Romanian, are spoken in some villages in Macedonia and Greece, and in Croatia, respectively.[8]

QMRA number of Romance languages were once spoken in Southeastern Europe for centuries,[1] but the Dalmatian branch of this Eastern Romance disappeared centuries ago.[2] Although the surviving Eastern group of Balkan Romance has in the meantime split into four major variants,[3] their common features suggest that all of them originated from the same idiom.[4][5][6] Daco-Romanian, the largest among these variants, is spoken by more than 20 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova.[7] Aromanian has about 350,000 speakers who mainly live in the mountainous zones[8] of Albania, Greece and Macedonia.[3] Some thousand people from the wider region of Thessaloniki speak the third variant which is known as Megleno-Romanian.[3] The smallest Eastern Romance variant, Istro-Romanian is used by less than 1,500 speakers in Istria.[3][6] All Eastern Romance variants share a number of peculiarities which differentiate them to such an extent from other Romance languages[1] that Friedrich Diez – the first Romance philologist – even stated in 1836 that Romanian was "only a semi-Romance language".[9] These peculiarities encompass, for instance, the common features of the Albanian, Bulgarian, Macedonian and other languages[note 1] which together form the "Balkan linguistic union".[10]

QMR Eastern Romance is now represented by four variants – Daco-Romanian, Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian – which originated from a common Proto-Romanian language

QMrUkrainian Air Force emblem

It is a cross

QMRThe Orange Revolution of late 2004 improved Ukraine's European prospects; the opposition leader Viktor Yushchenko hinted that he would press the EU for deeper ties and described a four-point plan: acknowledgment of Ukraine as a market economy, entry in the World Trade Organisation, associate membership in the European Union, and, finally, full membership.[23] Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko asked Brussels mid-December 2004 for a clearer indication of Ukraine's prospects for membership, saying that "The approved Action Plan reflects only the level of Ukraine-EU relations that we could have reached before the presidential elections in 2004."[24]

QMRDuring World War II, four battles took place for control of the city:

First Battle of Kharkov

Second Battle of Kharkov

Third Battle of Kharkov

Fourth Battle of Kharkov (See also Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev)

QMrNormandy format (French: Format Normandie) is a diplomatic group of senior representatives of the four countries (Germany, Russia, Ukraine and France) to resolve the situation in the East of Ukraine. The Normandy format operates mainly through telephone calls between the Ukrainian, Russian and French presidents, the German chancellor and their respective ministers of foreign affairs.

The name comes from the meeting of the heads of the four states, which for the first time was held on June 6, 2014, in Château de Bénouville, Normandy (France), in celebration of the 70th anniversary of Operation Overlord. The next meeting was held on 16-17 October in Milan (Italy) as part of Asia–Europe Meeting. Both meetings are not marked by any significant agreements. The third meeting was held on 11-12 February 2015 in Minsk (Belarus), when Minsk II agreement was signed.

QMRThe Porte de Vincennes siege occurred at a Hypercacher kosher superette in Porte de Vincennes (20th arrondissement of Paris) in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo shooting two days earlier, and concurrently with the Dammartin-en-Goële hostage crisis in which the two Charlie Hebdo gunmen were cornered.

Amedy Coulibaly had pledged allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, and was a close friend of Saïd Kouachi and Chérif Kouachi (whom he had met in jail in 2005), the gunmen in the Charlie Hebdo attack. Armed with a submachine gun, an assault rifle, and two Tokarev pistols, he entered and attacked the people in the kosher food superette. Coulibaly murdered four Jewish hostages, and held fifteen other hostages during a siege in which he demanded that the Kouachi brothers not be harmed. The police ended the siege by storming the store and killing Coulibaly.

QMR1300 MWe class (P4 and P'4 designs)[edit]

The Cattenom site houses four 1300 MWe class reactors

There are 20 reactors of this design (four steam generators and four primary circulation pumps) operating in France. The P4 and P'4 type have some minor difference in the layout of the building, especially for the structure which contain the fuel rods and the circuitry.[37]

1450 MWe class (N4 design)[edit]

The Civaux site houses two 1450 MWe class reactors, the most recent design operating today

There are only 4 of these reactors, housed at two separate sites: Civaux and Chooz. Construction of these reactors started between 1984 and 1991, but full commercial operation did not begin until between 2000 and 2002 because of thermal fatigue flaws in the heat removal system requiring the redesign and replacement of parts in each N4 power station.[39] In 2003 the stations were all uprated to 1500 MWe. It is unlikely that more of this class will be built because it is expected to be succeeded by the larger 1650 MWe EPR design.

QMRDiplomatic (Turkish)

At about 11:30 CET, four members of Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia took over the consulate killing a Turkish guard, wounding the Turkish Consul and taking 56 people hostage, including 8 women and a 3-year-old child.

Shortly after midnight, the militants' leader started the negotiations that led to the end of the ordeal at about 2 a.m. He was promised by French authorities that the four militants would receive political asylum. The next day, however, the French Government issued a statement saying that the men would have to stand trial on charges growing out of the assault, including the death of a Turkish guard.[21]

See also: 1981 Turkish consulate attack in Paris

QMROperation Red Wings, informally referred to as Battle of Abbas Ghar (often incorrectly called "Operation Redwing" and/or "Operation Red Wing"),[2][3][7][11][12] was a combined / joint military operation during the War in Afghanistan in the Pech District of Afghanistan's Kunar Province, on the slopes of a mountain named Sawtalo Sar,[2][4][7] approximately 20 miles west of Kunar's provincial capital of Asadabad, in late June through mid-July 2005.[1][2][3] Operation Red Wings was intended to disrupt local anti-Coalition Militia (ACM) activity, thus contributing to regional stability and thereby facilitating the Afghani Parliament elections scheduled for September, 2005.[1][2][3] At the time, anti-Coalition Militia activity in the region was carried out most notably by a small group led by a local man from Nangarhar Province, Ahmad Shah, who had aspirations of regional Islamic fundamentalist prominence. He and his small group were among the primary targets of the operation.

The operation was conceived by the 2nd Battalion of the 3rd Marine Regiment (2/3) of the U.S. Marine Corps based on an operational model developed by 2/3's sister battalion, the 3rd Battalion of the 3rd Marine Regiment (3/3) which had preceded the 2nd Battalion in their combat deployment. It utilized special operations forces (SOF) units and assets, including members of the U.S. Navy SEALs and the U.S. Army Special Operations Command's 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Airborne) (SOAR(A)), for the opening phase of the operation.[2] A team of four Navy SEALs, tasked for surveillance and reconnaissance of a group of structures known to be used by Shah and his men, fell into an ambush by Shah and his group just hours after inserting into the area by fastrope from an MH-47 helicopter.[2] Three of the four SEALs were killed and a quick reaction force helicopter sent in for their aid was shot down with a rocket propelled grenade fired from an RPG-7, killing all eight U.S. Navy SEALs and all eight U.S. Army Special Operations aviators on board.

QMrThe Third Tunnel of Aggression (Korean: 제3땅굴), or Third Infiltration Tunnel, is one of four known tunnels under the border between North Korea and South Korea, extending south of Panmunjom.

QMRIncursion tunnels[edit]

Entrance to the North Korean-dug 4th Infiltration Tunnel, Korean DMZ.

Quadrant Model of Reality

Sunday, April 10, 2016

Quadrant Model of Reality Book 34 Philosophy

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