Quadrant Model of Reality Book 37 Art and Philosophy

Art Chapter

QMRDell Comics was the comic book publishing arm of Dell Publishing, which got its start in pulp magazines. It published comics from 1929 to 1973. At its peak, it was the most prominent and successful American company in the medium.[1] In 1953 Dell claimed to be the world's largest comics publisher, selling 26 million copies each month.[2]

QMRFree Inquiry is a bi-monthly journal of secular humanist opinion and commentary published by the Council for Secular Humanism, which is a program of the Center for Inquiry. Philosopher Paul Kurtz was the editor-in-chief until he stepped down in 2010, [1] and Tom Flynn (author) is the current editor. Feature articles cover a wide range of topics from a freethinking perspective. Common themes are separation of church and state, science and religion, dissemination of freethought, and applied philosophy. Regular contributors include well-known scholars in the fields of science and philosophy. Contents [hide] 1 Controversy 2 Columnists 3 Editorial Board 4 References 5 External links Controversy[edit] In Free Inquiry's April–May 2006 issue, the magazine published four of the cartoons that had originally appeared in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten and that had sparked violent worldwide Muslim protests. Kurtz, editor-in-chief of Free Inquiry said, "What is at stake is the precious right of freedom of expression". The Borders Group refused to carry this issue in their Borders and Waldenbooks stores because of the cartoons. The reason given by Borders for their decision was not sensitivity to religion but fear of violence.[2]

QMRSimulacra and Simulation is most known for its discussion of symbols, signs, and how they relate to contemporaneity (simultaneous existences). Baudrillard claims that our current society has replaced all reality and meaning with symbols and signs, and that human experience is of a simulation of reality. Moreover, these simulacra are not merely mediations of reality, nor even deceptive mediations of reality; they are not based in a reality nor do they hide a reality, they simply hide that anything like reality is relevant to our current understanding of our lives. The simulacra that Baudrillard refers to are the significations and symbolism of culture and media that construct perceived reality, the acquired understanding by which our lives and shared existence is and are rendered legible; Baudrillard believed that society has become so saturated with these simulacra and our lives so saturated with the constructs of society that all meaning was being rendered meaningless by being infinitely mutable. Baudrillard called this phenomenon the "precession of simulacra". "Simulacra and Simulation" breaks the sign-order into 4 stages: The first stage is a faithful image/copy, where we believe, and it may even be correct, that a sign is a "reflection of a profound reality" (pg 6), this is a good appearance, in what Baudrillard called "the sacramental order". The second stage is perversion of reality, this is where we come to believe the sign to be an unfaithful copy, which "masks and denatures" reality as an "evil appearance—it is of the order of maleficence". Here, signs and images do not faithfully reveal reality to us, but can hint at the existence of an obscure reality which the sign itself is incapable of encapsulating. The third stage masks the absence of a profound reality, where the sign pretends to be a faithful copy, but it is a copy with no original. Signs and images claim to represent something real, but no representation is taking place and arbitrary images are merely suggested as things which they have no relationship to. Baudrillard calls this the "order of sorcery", a regime of semantic algebra where all human meaning is conjured artificially to appear as a reference to the (increasingly) hermetic truth. The fourth stage is pure simulation, in which the simulacrum has no relationship to any reality whatsoever. Here, signs merely reflect other signs and any claim to reality on the part of images or signs is only of the order of other such claims. This is a regime of total equivalency, where cultural products need no longer even pretend to be real in a naïve sense, because the experiences of consumers' lives are so predominantly artificial that even claims to reality are expected to be phrased in artificial, "hyperreal" terms. Any naïve pretension to reality as such is perceived as bereft of critical self-awareness, and thus as oversentimental

Painting Chapter

QMRThe Horses of Saint Mark, also known as the Triumphal Quadriga, is a set of bronze statues of four horses, originally part of a monument depicting a quadriga (a four-horse carriage used for chariot racing) The horses were placed on the facade, on the loggia above the porch, of St Mark's Basilica in Venice, northern Italy after the sack of Constantinople in 1204. They remained there until looted by Napoleon in 1797 but were returned in 1815. The sculptures have been removed from the facade and placed in the interior of St. Mark's for conservation purposes, with replicas in their position on the loggia.

QMRThe Triumphal Quadriga is a set of Roman or Greek bronze statues of four horses, originally part of a monument depicting a quadriga. They date from late Classical Antiquity and were long displayed at the Hippodrome of Constantinople. In 1204 AD, Doge Enrico Dandolo sent them to Venice as part of the loot sacked from Constantinople in the Fourth Crusade.

Music Chapter

Dance Chapter

QMRA game of ten-pin bowling is divided into ten rounds (called "frames"). In a frame, each player is given two opportunities to knock down the skittle targets (called "pins"). The player rolls the first ball at the pins. If the first ball knocks down all ten pins, it is called a "strike" and the frame is completed. When pins are left standing after the first ball, those that are knocked down are counted and then removed. Then the player rolls a second ball and if all the remaining pins are knocked down, it is called a "spare". There are bonuses for removing all the pins. If there is more than one player scheduled on a lane, play passes to the next player until all players have completed the frame. Then play continues with the next frame. The final or tenth frame of a game may involve three balls. See Scoring below. The ten pins are usually automatically set by machine into four rows which form an equilateral triangle where there are four pins on a side (Pythagorean Tetractys). The Pythagoreans worshipped the Tetracyst like the Israelites worshipped the Tetragrammaton. There are four pins in the back row, then three, then two, and finally one in the front at the center of the lane. The pins are numbered one through ten, starting with one in front, and ending with ten in the back to the right. This serves to ease communication; one could say that the 4 and 7 pins were left standing. Neighboring pins are set up 12 inches (30 cm) apart, measured from center to center. Due to the spacing of the pins and the size of the ball (about 8.6 inches (22 cm) in diameter), it is impossible for the ball to contact every pin. Therefore, a tactical shot is required, which would result in a chain reaction of pin hitting pin. In an ideal shot, for a right-hander, the ball will contact only the 1, 3, 5 and 9 pins; for a left-hander, the 1, 2, 5 and 8 pins. Brooklyn is when a bowler obtains a strike by throwing the ball into the opposite pocket, known as the Brooklyn pocket. For example, a Brooklyn would occur when a right-handed thrower obtains a strike by throwing a ball into the 1–2 pocket, and similarly a strike occurs for a left-handed bowler throwing a ball into the 1–3 pocket. The “four-step” approach is most commonly applied, with the right foot slightly ahead of the left at starting position (for right handed bowlers).[24] Longer legs and a faster approach during the third step and downswing will increase the ball speed. Finally, the deliberate acceleration of the arm during downswing is of critical focus. This particular factor is difficult to master, however, because one can easily force the armswing and thus accelerate too quickly or cause the arm to deviate from the natural path.[23]

QMRFormula racing is any of several forms of open-wheeled single-seater motorsport. The origin of the term lies in the nomenclature that was adopted by the FIA for all of its post-World War II single-seater regulations, or formulae. The best known of these formulae are Formula One, Two, Three and Four. Common usage of "formula racing" encompasses other single-seater series, including the GP2 Series, which replaced Formula 3000 (which had itself been the effective replacement for Formula Two).

QMRPanhellenic Games is the collective term for four separate sports festivals held in ancient Greece. The four Games were: Games God Honored Location Prize Frequency Olympic Games Zeus Olympia, Elis Olive wreath (Kotinos) Every 4 years Pythian Games Apollo Delphi Laurel wreath Every 4 years (2 years after the Olympic Games) Nemean Games Zeus, Heracles Nemea, Corinthia Wild celery Every 2 years (2nd and 4th year of Olympiads) Isthmian Games Poseidon Isthmia, Sicyon Pine Every 2 years

QMRForms[edit] There are four basic forms of street performance "Circle shows" are shows that tend to gather a crowd around them. They usually have a distinct beginning and end. Usually these are done in conjunction with street theater, puppeteering, magicians, comedians, acrobats, jugglers and sometimes musicians. Circle shows can be the most lucrative. Some time the crowds attracted can be huge. A good busker will control the crowd so the patrons do not obstruct foot traffic. "Walk-by acts" are typically where the busker performs a musical, living statue or other act that does not have a distinct beginning or end and the public usually watch for a brief time. A walk by act may turn into a circle show if the act is unusual or very popular. "Stoplight performers" present their act right on the crosswalk. while the lights are red. Then, while still red, they walk by the cars to get contributions from drivers and/or passengers. A variety of disciplines can be used in such format (Juggling, BreakDance, even magic tricks). Artists have a very brief/condensed routine. This form is seen more commonly in Iberoamerican countries. "Café busking" is done mostly in restaurants, pubs, bars and cafes. These venues are popular for busking musicians. Joni Mitchell, Bob Dylan and Joan Baez all used this type of venue early in their careers. Making a living using the piano bar principle (i.e. for tips) is performed using a range of genres, including jazz, rock, and even "light" classical style. Diverse artists like Jimmy Durante and Andrea Bocelli have used this type of performance to earn money. Perhaps one of the most famous of these is Billy Joel, who rose to fame from working in piano bars. His hit song "Piano Man" was written about a six-month stint he did in 1972 at the "Executive Room" piano bar in Los Angeles.

QMrIn the history of Go in Japan, the Four Go houses were the four academies of Go instituted, supported, and controlled by the state, at the beginning of the Tokugawa shogunate. At roughly the same time shogi was organised into three houses. Here "house" implies institution run on the recognised lines of the iemoto system common in all Japanese traditional arts. In particular the house head had, in three of the four cases, a name handed down: Inoue Inseki, Yasui Senkaku, Hayashi Monnyu. References to these names therefore mean to the contemporary head of house.

QMRThe mountainous Japanese archipelago stretches 3,000 km north to south off the east of the Asian continent at the convergence of four tectonic plates; it has about forty active volcanoes and experiences about 1,000 earthquakes a year. The steep, craggy mountains that cover two-thirds of its surface are prone to quick erosion from fast-flowing rivers and to mudslides. They thus have hampered internal travel and communication and driven the population to rely on transportation along coastal waters. There is great variety to its regions' geographical features and weather patterns, with a rainy season in most parts in early summer. Volcanic soil that washes along the 13% of the area that makes up the coastal plains provides fertile land and the mainly temperate climate allows long growing seasons, which with the diversity of flora and fauna provide rich resources able to support the density of the population.[1]

QMRThe Shinkansen (新幹線?, new trunk line) is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan operated by four Japan Railways Group companies. Starting with the Tōkaidō Shinkansen (515.4 km, 320.3 mi) in 1964,[1] the network has expanded to currently consist of 2,615.7 km (1,625.3 mi) of lines with maximum speeds of 240–320 km/h (150–200 mph), 283.5 km (176.2 mi) of Mini-shinkansen lines with a maximum speed of 130 km/h (80 mph), and 10.3 km (6.4 mi) of spur lines with Shinkansen services.[2] The network presently links most major cities on the islands of Honshu and Kyushu, with services along the newly constructed extension to the northern island of Hokkaido scheduled to commence in March 2016. The nickname bullet train is sometimes used in English for these high-speed trains.

QMRYasuda zaibatsu (安田財閥) was a financial conglomerate owned and managed by the Yasuda clan. One of the four major zaibatsu of Imperial Japan, it was founded by the entrepreneur Yasuda Zenjirō. It was dissolved at the end of World War II.

QMRThe zaibatsu were the heart of economic and industrial activity within the Empire of Japan, and held great influence over Japanese national and foreign policies. The Rikken Seiyukai political party was regarded as an extension of the Mitsui group, which also had very strong connections with the Imperial Japanese Army. Likewise, the Rikken Minseito was connected to the Mitsubishi group, as was the Imperial Japanese Navy. By the start of World War II, the Big Four zaibatsu (Mitsubishi, Sumitomo, Yasuda and Mitsui) alone had direct control over more than 30% of Japan's mining, chemical, metals industries and almost 50% control of the machinery and equipment market, a significant part of the foreign commercial merchant fleet and 70% of the commercial stock exchange.[citation needed] The zaibatsu were viewed with suspicion by both the right and left of the political spectrum in the 1920s and 1930s. Although the world was in the throes of a worldwide economic depression, the zaibatsu were prospering through currency speculation, maintenance of low labour costs and on military procurement. Matters came to a head in the League of Blood Incident of March 1932, with the assassination of the managing director of Mitsui, after which the zaibatsu attempted to improve on their public image through increased charity work.[citation needed] History and development[edit] Big Four[edit] The Big Four zaibatsu (四大財閥?, shidai zaibatsu) of, in chronological order of founding, Sumitomo, Mitsui, Mitsubishi, and Yasuda are the most significant zaibatsu groups. Two of them, Sumitomo and Mitsui, have roots stemming from the Edo period while Mitsubishi and Yasuda trace their origins to the Meiji Restoration. Throughout Meiji to Showa, the government employed their financial powers and expertise for various endeavors, including tax collection, military procurement and foreign trade. New zaibatsu[edit] Beyond the Big Four, consensus is lacking as to which companies can be called zaibatsu, and which cannot. After the Russo-Japanese War, a number of so-called "second-tier" zaibatsu also emerged, mostly as the result of business conglomerations and/or the award of lucrative military contracts. Some more famous second-tier zaibatsu included the Okura, Furukawa, and Nakajima groups, among several others. The early zaibatsu permitted some public shareholding of some subsidiary companies, but never of the top holding company or key subsidiaries. The monopolistic business practices by the zaibatsu resulted in a closed circle of companies until Japanese industrial expansion on the Asian mainland (Manchukuo) began in the 1930s, which allowed for the rise of a number of new groups (shinko zaibatsu), including Nissan. These new zaibatsu differed from the traditional zaibatsu only in that they were not controlled by specific families, and not in terms of business practices.

QMRKōei kyōgi (公営競技, public sports) are public races that people in Japan can gamble on legally. There are four different types of kōei kyōgi: horse racing, bicycle racing, powerboat racing, and asphalt speedway motorcycle racing. They are allowed by special laws and are regulated by local governments or governmental corporations.

Literature Chapter

Cinema Chapter

On this show IQ squared there is four "experts"

The "Four Yorkshiremen" sketch has been performed by Monty Python during their live shows, Live at Drury Lane (1974, no video recording available), Live at the Hollywood Bowl (1982) and Monty Python Live (Mostly) (2014, performed at The O₂), each performance varying slightly in its content. The performers in each case were Graham Chapman (replaced by John Cleese in the 2014 performance), Eric Idle, Terry Jones and Michael Palin (Palin is the only member of the group actually from Yorkshire). It was also performed by Cleese, Jones, Palin and Rowan Atkinson for The Secret Policeman's Ball, the 1979 Amnesty International benefit gala.

QMRThe "Four Yorkshiremen" sketch is a parody of nostalgic conversations about humble beginnings or difficult childhoods. Four Yorkshiremen reminisce about their upbringing, and as the conversation progresses, they try to outdo one another, their accounts of deprived childhoods becoming increasingly absurd. The sketch was originally written and performed for the 1967 British television comedy series At Last the 1948 Show by the show's four writer-performers: Tim Brooke-Taylor, John Cleese, Graham Chapman and Marty Feldman.[1] [2][3] Barry Cryer is the wine waiter in the original performance and may have contributed to the writing. A near derivative of the sketch appears in the BBC Radio show I'm Sorry I'll Read That Again Series 7, Episode 5 on 9 February 1969, in which the cast, John Cleese, Graeme Garden, Tim Brooke-Taylor, Bill Oddie, David Hatch, in the guise of old buffers at a gentlemen's club, employ the same trope of out-doing each other for hardship, this time in the context of how far and how slowly they had to walk to get to various places in former days. It even ends with the same payoff line "...and if you tell that to the young people today, they won't believe you..." The original performance of the sketch by the four creators is one of the surviving sketches from the programme and can be seen on the At Last the 1948 Show DVD. QMRIn the United States, movie production is known to be dominated by major studios since the early 20th Century; before that, there was a period in which Edison's Trust monopolized the industry. The music and television industries recently witnessed cases of media consolidation, with Sony Music Entertainment's parent company merging their music division with Bertelsmann AG's BMG to form Sony BMG and Tribune's The WB and CBS Corp.'s UPN merging to form The CW. In the case of Sony BMG, there existed a "Big Five" (now "Big Four") of major record companies, while The CW's creation was an attempt to consolidate ratings and stand up to the "Big Four" of American network (terrestrial) television (this despite the fact that the CW was, in fact, partially owned by one of the Big Four in CBS). In television, the vast majority of broadcast and basic cable networks, over a hundred in all, are controlled by eight corporations: News Corporation (the Fox family of channels), The Walt Disney Company (which includes the ABC, ESPN and Disney brands), National Amusements (which includes CBS Corporation and Viacom), Comcast (which includes the NBC brands), Time Warner, Discovery Communications, E. W. Scripps Company, Cablevision, or some combination thereof.[70] Philosophy Chapter QMRIn 1990, Cooperrider and Diana Whitney published an article outlining the four principles of AI.[3] The following table comes from the Cooperrider and Srivastva (1987) article and is used to describe some of the distinctions between AI and approaches to organizational development not based on what they call positive potential:[17] Problem Solving Appreciative inquiry Felt need, identification of problem(s) Appreciating—valuing "the best of what is" Analysis of Causes Envisioning what might be Analysis of possible solutions Engaging in dialogue about what should be Action Planning (treatment) Innovating what will be Appreciative inquiry attempts to use ways of asking questions and envisioning the future in order to foster positive relationships and build on the present potential of a given person, organization or situation. The most common model utilizes a cycle of four processes, which focus on what it calls: DISCOVER: The identification of organizational processes that work well. DREAM: The envisioning of processes that would work well in the future. DESIGN: Planning and prioritizing processes that would work well. DESTINY (or DEPLOY): The implementation (execution) of the proposed design.[18] The aim is to build – or rebuild – organizations around what works, rather than trying to fix what doesn't. AI practitioners try to convey this approach as the opposite of problem solving. QMROn September 28, 2009, Jesse Trentadue, a Salt Lake City attorney, released security tapes that he obtained from the FBI through the Freedom of Information Act that show the Murrah building before and after the blast from four security cameras. The tapes are blank at points before 9:02 am, the time of detonation. Trentadue said that the government's explanation for the missing footage is that the tape was being replaced at the time. Said Trentadue, "Four cameras in four different locations going blank at the same time on the morning of April 19, 1995. There ain't no such thing as a coincidence."[26][27] Trentadue became interested in the case when his brother, Kenneth Michael Trentadue, died in federal custody during what Trentadue believes was an interrogation because Kenneth was mistaken for a possible conspirator in the Oklahoma City bombing.[28] QMRZeitgeist: Moving Forward is the third installment in Peter Joseph's Zeitgeist film trilogy. The film premiered at the JACC Theater in Los Angeles on January 15, 2011 at the Artivist Film Festival,[27] was released in theaters and online. As of November 2014, the film has over 23 million views on YouTube.[28] The film is arranged into four parts. Each part contains interviews, narration and animated sequences.[29] Zeitgeist: Addendum[edit] Zeitgeist: Addendum Zeitgeist-addendum-poster.jpg Directed by Peter Joseph Produced by Peter Joseph Music by Peter Joseph Edited by Peter Joseph Distributed by GMP LLC Release dates October 2008 Running time 123 min Country United States Language English Zeitgeist: Addendum is a 2008 documentary-style film produced and directed by Peter Joseph, and is a sequel to the 2007 film, Zeitgeist: The Movie. It premiered at the 5th Annual Artivist Film Festival in Los Angeles, California on October 2, 2008. Synopsis[edit] The film begins and ends with excerpts from a speech by Jiddu Krishnamurti. The remainder of the film is narrated by Peter Joseph and divided into four parts, which are prefaced by on-screen quotations from Krishnamurti, John Adams, Bernard Lietaer, and Thomas Paine, respectively. QMrThe Georgia Guidestones is a granite monument erected in 1980 in Elbert County, Georgia, in the United States. A set of 10 guidelines is inscribed on the structure in eight modern languages, and a shorter message is inscribed at the top of the structure in four ancient language scripts: Babylonian, Classical Greek, Sanskrit, and Egyptian hieroglyphs. The monument stands at the highest point in Elbert County, about 90 miles (140 km) east of Atlanta, 45 miles (72 km) from Athens, and 9 miles (14 km) north of the center of Elberton. The stones are visible from Georgia Highway 77 (Hartwell Highway) and are reached by turning east on Guidestones Road. The structure is sometimes referred to as an "American Stonehenge".[1] The monument is 19 feet 3 inches (5.87 m) tall, made from six granite slabs weighing 237,746 pounds (107,840 kg) in all.[2] One slab stands in the center, with four arranged around it. A capstone lies on top of the five slabs, which are astronomically aligned. An additional stone tablet, which is set in the ground a short distance to the west of the structure, provides some notes on the history and purpose of the Guidestones. History[edit] The stones defaced with polyurethane paint and graffiti In June 1979, an unknown person or persons under the pseudonym R. C. Christian hired Elberton Granite Finishing Company to build the structure.[2] The land was apparently purchased by Elbert County on October 1, 1979,[3][4][non-primary source needed] although the Georgia Mountain Travel Association's history says the monument is located "on the farm of Mildred and Wayne Mullenix."[5] The monument was unveiled on March 22, 1980, before an audience variously described as 100[6] or 400 people.[2] In 2008, the stones were defaced with polyurethane paint and graffiti with slogans such as "Death to the new world order".[7] Wired magazine called the defacement "the first serious act of vandalism in the Guidestones' history".[2] In September 2014, an employee of the Elbert County maintenance department contacted the FBI when the stones were vandalised with graffiti including the phrase "I Am Isis, goddess of love".[8] Description[edit] Inscriptions[edit] A message consisting of a set of ten guidelines or principles is engraved on the Georgia Guidestones[9] in eight different languages, one language on each face of the four large upright stones. Moving clockwise around the structure from due north, these languages are: English, Spanish, Swahili, Hindi, Hebrew, Arabic, Chinese, and Russian. Maintain humanity under 500,000,000 in perpetual balance with nature. Guide reproduction wisely — improving fitness and diversity. Unite humanity with a living new language. Rule passion — faith — tradition — and all things with tempered reason. Protect people and nations with fair laws and just courts. Let all nations rule internally resolving external disputes in a world court. Avoid petty laws and useless officials. Balance personal rights with social duties. Prize truth — beauty — love — seeking harmony with the infinite. Be not a cancer on the earth — Leave room for nature — Leave room for nature. Explanatory tablet[edit] Georgia Guidestones 04.jpg Georgia Guidestones 19.jpg Georgia Guidestones 10.jpg A few feet to the west of the monument, an additional granite ledger has been set level with the ground. This tablet identifies the structure and the languages used on it, lists various facts about the size, weight, and astronomical features of the stones, the date it was installed, and the sponsors of the project. It also speaks of a time capsule buried under the tablet, but spaces on the stone reserved for filling in the dates on which the capsule was buried and is to be opened have not been inscribed, so it is uncertain if the time capsule was put in place. Each side of the tablet is perpendicular to one of the cardinal directions, and is inscribed so that the northern edge is the top of the inscription. At the center of each tablet edge is a small circle, each containing a letter representing the appropriate compass direction (N, S, E, W). The complete text of the explanatory tablet is detailed below. The tablet is somewhat inconsistent with respect to punctuation, misspells the word "pseudonym," and incorrectly uses the adjective "hieroglyphic" as a plural noun. The original spelling, punctuation, and line breaks in the text have been preserved in the transcription which follows (letter case is not). At the top center of the tablet is written: The Georgia Guidestones Center cluster erected March 22, 1980 Immediately below this is the outline of a square, inside which is written: Let these be guidestones to an Age of Reason Around the edges of the square are written the names of four ancient languages, one per edge. Starting from the top and proceeding clockwise, they are: Babylonian (in cuneiform script), Classical Greek, Sanskrit, and Ancient Egyptian (in hieroglyphs). On the left side of the tablet is the following column of text: Astronomic Features 1. channel through stone indicates celestial pole. 2. horizontal slot indicates annual travel of sun. 3. sunbeam through capstone marks noontime throughout the year Author: R.C. Christian (a pseudonyn) [sic] Sponsors: A small group of Americans who seek the Age of Reason Time Capsule Placed six feet below this spot On To Be Opened on The words appear as shown under the time capsule heading; no dates are engraved. Physical data[edit] On the right side of the tablet is the following column of text (metric conversions added): PHYSICAL DATA 1. OVERALL HEIGHT - 19 FEET 3 INCHES [5.87 m]. 2. TOTAL WEIGHT - 237,746 POUNDS [107,840 kg]. 3. FOUR MAJOR STONES ARE 16 FEET, FOUR INCHES [4.98 m] HIGH, EACH WEIGHING AN AVERAGE OF 42,437 POUNDS [19,249 kg]. 4. CENTER STONE IS 16 FEET, FOUR- INCHES [4.98 m] HIGH, WEIGHS 20,957 POUNDS [9,506 kg]. 5. CAPSTONE IS 9-FEET, 8-INCHES [2.95 m] LONG, 6-FEET, 6-INCHES [1.98 m] WIDE; 1-FOOT, 7-INCHES [0.48 m] THICK. WEIGHS 24,832 POUNDS [11,264 kg]. 6. SUPPORT STONES (BASES) 7-FEET, 4 INCHES [2.24 m] LONG 2-FEET [0.61 m] WIDE. 1 FOOT, 4-INCHES [0.41 m] THICK, EACH WEIGHING AN AVERAGE OF 4,875 POUNDS [2,211 kg]. 7. SUPPORT STONE (BASE) 4-FEET, 2½ INCHES [1.28 m] LONG, 2-FEET, 2-INCHES [0.66 m] WIDE, 1-FOOT, 7-INCHES [0.48 m] THICK. WEIGHT 2,707 POUNDS [1,228 kg]. 8. 951 CUBIC FEET [26.9 m³] GRANITE. 9. GRANITE QUARRIED FROM PYRAMID QUARRIES LOCATED 3 MILES [5 km] WEST OF ELBERTON, GEORGIA. Guidestone languages[edit] Below the two columns of text is written the caption "GUIDESTONE LANGUAGES", with a diagram of the granite slab layout beneath it. The names of eight modern languages are inscribed along the long edges of the projecting rectangles, one per edge. Starting from due north and moving clockwise around so that the upper edge of the northeast rectangle is listed first, they are English, Spanish, Swahili, Hindi, Hebrew, Arabic, Chinese, and Russian. At the bottom center of the tablet is the following text: Additional information available at Elberton Granite Museum & Exhibit College Avenue Elberton, Georgia Astronomical features[edit] The four outer stones are oriented to mark the limits of the 18.6 year lunar declination cycle.[5] The center column features a hole drilled at an angle from one side to the other, through which can be seen the North Star, a star whose position changes only very gradually over time. The same pillar has a slot carved through it which is aligned with the Sun's solstices and equinoxes. A 7/8" aperture in the capstone allows a ray of sun to pass through at noon each day, shining a beam on the center stone indicating the day of the year.[2] Documentary series[edit] The Georgia Guidestones was featured extensively in the July 2012 Travel Channel episode "Mysteries at the Museum: Monumental Mysteries Special" featuring Don Wildman.[10] Reception[edit] Yoko Ono and others have praised the inscribed messages as "a stirring call to rational thinking", while Wired.comstated that unspecified opponents have labeled them as the "Ten Commandments of the Antichrist".[2] The Guidestones have become a subject of interest for conspiracy theorists. One of them, an activist named Mark Dice, demanded that the Guidestones "be smashed into a million pieces, and then the rubble used for a construction project",[11] claiming that the Guidestones are of "a deep Satanic origin", and that R. C. Christian belongs to "a Luciferian secret society" related to the New World Order.[2] At the unveiling of the monument, a local minister proclaimed that he believed the monument was "for sun worshipers, for cult worship and for devil worship".[6] Others have suggested that the stones were commissioned by the Rosicrucians.[12] Computer analyst Van Smith said the monument's dimensions predicted the height of the Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world which opened in Dubai over thirty years after the Georgia Guidestones were designed. Smith said the builders of the Guidestones were likely aware of the Burj Khalifa project which he compared to the biblical Tower of Babel.[13] The most widely agreed-upon interpretation of the stones is that they describe the basic concepts required to rebuild a devastated civilization.[14] Brad Meltzer notes that the stones were built in 1979 at the height of the Cold War, and may have been intended as a message to the possible survivors of a World War III. The engraved suggestion to keep humanity's population below 500 million could have been made under the assumption that it had already been reduced below this number.[15] QMRAtomic units (au or a.u.) form a system of natural units which is especially convenient for atomic physics calculations. There are two different kinds of atomic units, Hartree atomic units[1] and Rydberg atomic units, which differ in the choice of the unit of mass and charge. This article deals with Hartree atomic units, where the numerical values of the following four fundamental physical constants are all unity by definition: Electron mass m_\text{e}; Elementary charge e; Reduced Planck's constant \hbar = h/(2 \pi); Coulomb's constant k_\text{e} = 1/(4 \pi \epsilon_0). In Hartree units, the speed of light is approximately 137. Atomic units are often abbreviated "a.u." or "au", not to be confused with the same abbreviation used also for astronomical units, arbitrary units, and absorbance units in different contexts. Fundamental atomic units[edit] These four fundamental constants form the basis of the atomic units (see above). Therefore, their numerical values in the atomic units are unity by definition. Fundamental atomic units Dimension Name Symbol/Definition Value in SI units[5] mass electron rest mass \!m_\mathrm{e} 9.10938291(40)×10−31 kg charge elementary charge \!e 1.602176565(35)×10−19 C action reduced Planck's constant \hbar = h/(2 \pi) 1.054571726(47)×10−34 J·s electric constant−1 Coulomb force constant k_\text{e} = 1/(4 \pi \epsilon_0) 8.9875517873681×109 kg·m3·s−2·C−2 QMRBoyer's model of scholarship is In the 1990 publication "Scholarship Reconsidered", Ernest Boyer introduced an academic model advocating expansion of the traditional definition of scholarship and research into four types of scholarship.[1][2] According to Boyer, traditional research, or the scholarship of discovery, had been the center of academic life and crucial to an institution's advancement but it needed to be broadened and made more flexible to include not only the new social and environmental challenges beyond the campus but also the reality of contemporary life. His vision was to change the research mission of universities by introducing the idea that scholarship needed to be redefined. He proposed that scholarship include these four different categories: The scholarship of discovery that includes original research that advances knowledge; The scholarship of integration that involves synthesis of information across disciplines, across topics within a discipline, or across time; The scholarship of application (also later called the scholarship of engagement) that goes beyond the service duties of a faculty member to those within or outside the University and involves the rigor and application of disciplinary expertise with results that can be shared with and/or evaluated by peers; and The scholarship of teaching and learning that the systematic study of teaching and learning processes. It differs from scholarly teaching in that it requires a format that will allow public sharing and the opportunity for application and evaluation by others. Boyer's model has been embraced across the academy with occasional refinement, such as specific applications for different disciplines. QMRIn 2011, the TOGAF 9.1. specification says: "Business planning at the strategy level provides the initial direction to enterprise architecture."[11] Normally, the business principles, business goals, and strategic drivers of the organization are defined elsewhere.[6] In other words, Enterprise Architecture is not a business strategy, planning or management methodology. Enterprise Architecture strives to align business information systems technology with given business strategy, goals and drivers. The TOGAF 9.1 specification clarified, that, "A complete enterprise architecture description should contain all four architecture domains (business, data, application, technology), but the realities of resource and time constraints often mean there is not enough time, funding, or resources to build a top-down, all-inclusive architecture description encompassing all four architecture domains, even if the enterprise scope is [...] less than the full extent of the overall enterprise."[12] In 2013, TOGAF[13] is the most popular Architecture framework (judged by published certification numbers) that some assume it defines EA.[6] However, some still use the term Enterprise Architecture as a synonym for Business Architecture, rather than covering all four architecture domains - business, data, applications and technology. QMRThe Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) is a framework for enterprise architecture that provides an approach for designing, planning, implementing, and governing an enterprise information technology architecture.[2] TOGAF has been a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries since 2011.[3] TOGAF is a high level approach to design. It is typically modeled at four levels: Business, Application, Data, and Technology. It relies heavily on modularization, standardization, and already existing, proven technologies and products QMRThe "FEA business reference model" is a function-driven framework for describing the business operations of the Federal Government independent of the agencies that perform them. This business reference model provides an organized, hierarchical construct for describing the day-to-day business operations of the Federal government using a functionally driven approach. The BRM is the first layer of the Federal Enterprise Architecture and it is the main viewpoint for the analysis of data, service components and technology.[1] The BRM is broken down into four areas: Services for Citizens Mode of Delivery Support Delivery of Services Management of Government Resources QMRThe DoDAF V1.5 defines a set of products, a view model, that act as mechanisms for visualizing, understanding, and assimilating the broad scope and complexities of an architecture description through graphic, tabular, or textual means. These products are organized under four views: All view (AV) Operational view (OV) Systems view (SV) Technical standards view (TV) Each view depicts certain perspectives of an architecture as described below. Only a subset of the full DoDAF viewset is usually created for each system development. The figure represents the information that links the operational view, systems and services view, and technical standards view. The three views and their interrelationships – driven by common architecture data elements – provide the basis for deriving measures such as interoperability or performance, and for measuring the impact of the values of these metrics on operational mission and task effectiveness.[1] QMRGeography (from Greek γεωγραφία, geographia, lit. "earth description"[1]) is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena of Earth.[2] A literal translation would be "to describe or picture or write about the earth". The first person to use the word "geography" was Eratosthenes (276–194 BC).[3] Four historical traditions in geographical research are spatial analysis of the natural and the human phenomena (geography as the study of distribution), area studies (places and regions), study of the human-land relationship, and research in the Earth sciences.[4] Nonetheless, modern geography is an all-encompassing discipline that foremost seeks to understand the Earth and all of its human and natural complexities—not merely where objects are, but how they have changed and come to be. Geography has been called "the world discipline" and "the bridge between the human and the physical science". Geography is divided into two main branches: human geography and physical geography.[5][6][7] As spatial interrelationships are key to this synoptic science, maps are a key tool. Classical cartography has been joined by a more modern approach to geographical analysis, computer-based geographic information systems (GIS). In their study, geographers use four interrelated approaches: Systematic — Groups geographical knowledge into categories that can be explored globally. Regional — Examines systematic relationships between categories for a specific region or location on the planet. Descriptive — Simply specifies the locations of features and populations. Analytical — Asks why we find features and populations in a specific geographic area. ' Over the past two centuries, the advancements in technology with computers have led to the development of geomatics. and new practices such as participant observation and geostatistics being incorporated into geography's portfolio of tools. In the West during the 20th century, the discipline of geography went through four major phases: environmental determinism, regional geography, the quantitative revolution, and critical geography. The strong interdisciplinary links between geography and the sciences of geology and botany, as well as economics, sociology and demographics have also grown greatly, especially as a result of Earth System Science that seeks to understand the world in a holistic view. The Four Traditions of Geography William D. Pattison Late Summer, 1990 To Readers of the Journal of Geography: I am honored to be introducing, for a re- turn to the pages of the Journal after more than 25 years, “The Four Traditions of Ge- ography,” an article which circulated widely, in this country and others, long after its in- itial appearance—in reprint, in xerographic copy, and in translation. A second round of life at a level of general interest even ap- proaching that of the first may be too much to expect, but I want you to know in any event that I presented the paper in the be- ginning as my gift to the geographic com- munity, not as a personal property, and that I re-offer it now in the same spirit. In my judgment, the article continues to deserve serious attention—perhaps espe- cially so, let me add, among persons aware of the specific problem it was intended to resolve. The background for the paper was my experience as first director of the High School Geography Project (1961–63)—not all of that experience but only the part that found me listening, during numerous confer- ence sessions and associated interviews, to academic geographers as they responded to the project’s invitation to locate “basic ideas” representative of them all. I came away with the conclusion that I had been witnessing not a search for consensus but rather a blind struggle for supremacy among honest per- sons of contrary intellectual commitment. In their dialogue, two or more different terms had been used, often unknowingly, with a single reference, and no less disturbingly, a single term had been used, again often un- knowingly, with two or more different ref- erences. The article was my attempt to stabilize the discourse. I was proposing a ba- sic nomenclature (with explicitly associated ideas) that would, I trusted, permit the de- QMRSanyasa yoga arises when four or more strong planets combine in one house or sign, the nature or kind of Sanyasa adopted depends upon the strongest planet in that particular group of planets. If the Sun be the strongest planet the person of high morals and intallectual prowess will choose severe and difficult practices in remote places; if it be the Moon, then in seclusion more in the study of ...See More Sanyasa yoga – Implications of[edit] Sanyasa yogas formed by benefic planets in dignity bless a person with an evolutionary elevation of the total personality and sublimation of primeval urges. When four or more planets combine in one house Sanyasa yoga does arise, (Buddha had at the time of his birth five planets situated in the 10th house which included a weak Saturn occupying its sign of debilitation), or when the Ascendant lord is aspected by Saturn alone or Saturn aspects a weak lagna lord or when the Moon in a drekkena of Saturn occupies a navamsa of Mars or Saturn and is aspected by Saturn in which situation according to Phaladeepika if the lord of lagna aspects a weak Moon the sanyasi will lead a very miserable life but if there be a Raja yoga obtaining he will be venerated by rulers of the world. If the Sanyasa yoga is afflicted by malefic influences then the person with that Sanyasa yoga will take up sanyasa but prove a shame to that order being vulnerable to baser instincts and lowly conduct and acts.[5] Benefic planets in the 3rd or 6th house from Arudha Lagna gives rise to Sadhu Yoga which makes the native a saintly person undertaking pious activities. Research has also found that Parijata yoga can also act as Parivraja Yoga sometimes. Four planets conjoining in the 10th house from the lagna or four planets aspecting the 10th house or if the lord of the lagna and the lord of the 10th join with any three planets any where, give sanyasa but if Saturn joins, there will be no sanyasa. And, in case the Moon and Jupiter join Mercury and Mars in the 10th or in Pisces sign, then Moksha becomes assured.[6] If more than one planet is powerful out of four there will be no sanyasa yoga, when two planets are powerful then one takes sanyasa of the kind indicated by the more powerful one only to discard it to take up sanyasa of the kind indicated by the less powerful. One of the four or more planets conjoining must be very strong to confer sanyasa but if the sanyasa causing planet is combust or if it is defeated in Grahayuddha (planetary warfare) and aspected by other planets there will be no sanyasa but the person will worship sanyasis i.e. those who have taken up sanyasa.[7 QMRSanyasa yoga arises when four or more strong planets combine in one house or sign, the nature or kind of Sanyasa adopted depends upon the strongest planet in that particular group of planets. If the Sun be the strongest planet the person of high morals and intallectual prowess will choose severe and difficult practices in remote places; if it be the Moon, then in seclusion more in the study of scriptures; if it be Mercury, one who is easily influenced by philosophy of others; if it be Mars, one who chooses to wear red-coloured clothes and who struggles to control his temper; if it be Jupiter, one who has complete control over his senses and sense - organs; if it be Venus, a wandering mendicant, and if the strongest planet be Saturn it makes one adopt exceedingly severe practices. The involvement of the lord of the 10th house in this conjunction of four or more planets is the stronger indicator of Sanyasa. If those four or more planets happen to conjoin in a kendra or in a trikona, then the person attains Moksha but if they conjoin in the 8th house there will be Yogabhrashta i.e. there will be break in yoga-operation, and fall from the final state of emancipation. If strongest of the conjoining planets is combust then there will be no sanyasa and if it is defeated in planetary warfare one returns to worldly life after taking sanyasa. Sanyasa is also indicated when the Moon in a drekkena of Saturn is aspected by Mars and Saturn or is in a navamsa of Mars aspected by Saturn. A person takes to sanyasa if the dispositor of the Moon is aspected by Saturn and not by any other planet or if aspected by all planets occupying a single house or sign or if Jupiter is in the 9th house and Saturn aspects the lagna (Ascendant), the Moon and Jupiter, such a person will write on Sastras and found a school of philosophy, and in case Saturn not aspected by any planet is in the 9th house then one born a king will take to sanyasa.[4] QMRLudwig von Bertalanffy outlines systems inquiry into three major domains: Philosophy, Science, and Technology. In his work with the Primer Group, Béla H. Bánáthy generalized the domains into four integratable domains of systemic inquiry: Domain Description Philosophy the ontology, epistemology, and axiology of systems; Theory a set of interrelated concepts and principles applying to all systems Methodology the set of models, strategies, methods, and tools that instrumentalize systems theory and philosophy Application the application and interaction of the domains QMRIn his Categories, Aristotle identifies ten possible kinds of things that may be the subject or the predicate of a proposition. For Aristotle there are four different ontological dimensions:[citation needed] according to the various categories or ways of addressing a being as such according to its truth or falsity (e.g. fake gold, counterfeit money) whether it exists in and of itself or simply 'comes along' by accident according to its potency, movement (energy) or finished presence (Metaphysics Book Theta). QMRThe four most common additives used as bleaching/maturing agents in the US at this time are: Potassium bromate (will be listed as an ingredient/additive) - a maturing agent that strengthens gluten development. Does not bleach. Benzoyl peroxide - bleaches. Does not act as a maturing agent - no effect on gluten Ascorbic acid (Will be listed as an ingredient/additive, but seeing it in the ingredient list may not be an indication that the flour was matured using ascorbic acid but instead has had a small amount added as a dough enhancer) - Maturing agent that strengthens gluten development. Does not bleach. Chlorine gas - both a bleaching agent and a maturing agent, but one that weakens gluten development. Chlorination also oxidizes starches in the flour, making it easier for the flour to absorb water and swell, resulting in thicker batters and stiffer doughs. The retarded gluten formation is desirable in cakes, cookies, and biscuits as it would otherwise make them tougher and bread-like. The modification of starches in the flour allows the use of wetter doughs (making for a moister end product) without destroying the structure necessary for light fluffy cakes and biscuits.[10] Chlorinated flour allows cakes and other baked goods to set faster, rise better, the fat to be distributed more evenly, with less vulnerability to collapse. Cake flour in particular is nearly always chlorinated. There is at least one flour labeled "unbleached cake flour blend" (marketed by King Arthur) that is not bleached, but the protein content is much higher than typical cake flour at about 9.4% protein (cake flour is usually around 6% to 8%). According to King Arthur, this flour is a blend of a more finely milled unbleached wheat flour and cornstarch, which makes a better end result than unbleached wheat flour alone (cornstarch blended with all purpose flour commonly substituted for cake flour when the latter is unavailable). The end product, however, is denser than would result from lower-protein, chlorinated cake flour.[citation needed] Type numbers [edit] In some markets, the different available flour varieties are labeled according to the ash mass ("mineral content") that remains after a sample is incinerated in a laboratory oven (typically at 550 °C or 900 °C, see international standards ISO 2171 and ICC 104/1). This is an easily verified indicator for the fraction of the whole grain remains in the flour, because the mineral content of the starchy endosperm is much lower than that of the outer parts of the grain. Flour made from all parts of the grain (extraction rate: 100%) leaves about 2 g ash or more per 100 g dry flour. Plain white flour (extraction rate: 50–60%) leaves only about 0.4 g. German flour type numbers (Mehltypen) indicate the amount of ash (measured in milligrams) obtained from 100 g of the dry mass of this flour. Standard wheat flours (defined in DIN 10355) range from type 405 for normal white wheat flour for baking, to strong bread flour types 550, 812, and the darker types 1050 and 1600 for wholegrain breads. French flour type numbers (type de farine) are a factor 10 smaller than those used in Germany, because they indicate the ash content (in milligrams) per 10 g flour. Type 55 is the standard, hard-wheat white flour for baking, including puff pastries ("pâte feuilletée"). Type 45 is often called pastry flour, and is generally from a softer wheat (this corresponds to what older French texts call "farine de gruau"). Some recipes use Type 45 for croissants, for instance,[25] although many French bakers use Type 55 or a combination of Types 45 and 55.[26] Types 65, 80, and 110 are strong bread flours of increasing darkness, and type 150 is a wholemeal flour. Czech flour types describes roughness of milling instead of amount of ash, though sometimes a numbering system is used, it is not a rule. Czechs determine following four basic types of mill: Extra soft wheat flour (Výběrová hladká mouka / 00), Soft wheat flour (Hladká mouka / T650), Fine wheat flour (Polohrubá mouka), Rough wheat flour (Hrubá mouka) and Farina wheat flour (Pšeničná krupice) Polish flour type numbers, as is the case in Germany, indicate the amount of ash in 100 g of the dry mass of the flour. Standard wheat flours (defined by the PKN in PN-A-74022:2003) range from type 450 to 2000.[27]